Important Formulae on Electric Charges and Fields
Important Formulae on Electric Charges and Fields
1. Coulomb's Law
Coulomb's Law describes the force between two point charges. The formula is:
F = k * (|q1 * q2| / r2)
Where:
Fis the magnitude of the force between the charges.kis Coulomb's constant (approximately8.99 × 109 N m2 C−2).q1andq2are the magnitudes of the point charges.ris the distance between the centers of the two charges.
2. Electric Field
The electric field E created by a point charge is given by:
E = k * (|q| / r2)
Where:
Eis the electric field.qis the point charge creating the field.ris the distance from the charge to the point where the field is being measured.
3. Electric Potential
The electric potential V at a distance r from a point charge q is:
V = k * (q / r)
Where:
Vis the electric potential.qis the point charge.ris the distance from the charge.
4. Electric Potential Energy
The electric potential energy U of a system of two charges is:
U = k * (q1 * q2 / r)
Where:
Uis the electric potential energy.q1andq2are the charges.ris the distance between the charges.
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